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I don't know if it is "proper" to brine a pork butt roast, but I always have for pulled pork sandwiches. In fact, I am brining some right now. I usually only brine it up to a day in advance so I'm not sure how long it can brine for. My recipe is a combination of a brining method on one site and a Bon Appetit (I think) rub recipe.
In the slow cooker pot if I'm doing it in there, I will put my pork butt. I mix 1/4 cup brown sugar, 1/4 cup kosher salt and 4 cups warm but not hot water. To this I will add 2T garlic powder (typically Tastefully Simple's Garlic Garlic instead), 2t kosher salt, 1T chile powder (typically I use chipotle powder and halve the amount), 1/2t ground allspice, 1t coarsely ground pepper and 2 teaspoons cumin.
When I am ready to cook I drain the brine and rinse the pork. I pat it dry and put a second batch of the rub on it and let it cook in the slow cooker on high until falling apart. Occasionally, I add liquid smoke but not typically. When it is close to done, I drain the excess fat and add a bottle of my favorite locally-made barbecue sauce and cook it on low.
Hope this helps.
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You sure you want to brine a butt roast? It's going to be plenty moist without brining. Brining might make a loin roast more moist, but mostly what it will do to butt/shoulder is make it more salty. A dry rub like what Phurstluv suggests will add more flavor. Most of the flavors in spices are not soluble in water, so adding garlic, juniper berries, and such to a brine will add very little flavor, especially with a thick, fatty piece of meat.
If you check out the recommended links by luniz and others, they all call for loin, chops or other lean cuts, not shoulder.
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You can dry brine it with a rub, and let it sit over a rack on a sheet pan in your fridge, until you want to cook it. Not sure how you're cooking it, roasting or braising? Anyway, here's what I rub mine with:
Brown sugar
kosher salt & pepper
smoked paprika
cumin
garlic powder
either dried oregano or thymeDepending on the size of the roast, the top of the list is the most quantity (about 1/2 c. or more brown sugar) to a few teaspoons of the dry herbs.
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Here is a general guide for brining pork:
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I've used this one several times to rave reviews. It's a keeper!
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I used this "recipe" from Cook's Illustrated this weekend.




